The Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF (2026-27 syllabus) is the official rationalised textbook, downloadable chapter by chapter as free PDFs. Every chapter below mirrors the print NCERT exactly - worked examples, in-text questions, end-of-chapter exercises, and the deleted-content callouts where NCERT rationalised material out of the older edition.
- Chapters covered: 13 chapters, identical to the printed 2026-27 NCERT
- Format: high-resolution scanned PDFs, chapter-wise and combined
- Length: roughly 325-416 pages combined across all chapters
- Exam alignment: CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper (80 marks), JEE Main, JEE Advanced, CUET-UG Mathematics
Every chapter in this Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF compilation is the official 2026-27 rationalised NCERT, downloaded from ncert.nic.in and indexed for easy navigation.
Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF: All Chapters
Every chapter of the 2026-27 Class 12 Maths NCERT, downloadable as a free PDF. The list runs in NCERT order.
Why Download the Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF?
The NCERT textbook is the single most-cited source for CBSE board questions, JEE Main, and CUET-UG. Working from the NCERT book directly (rather than a third-party guide) is the highest-fidelity way to prepare for any of these exams.
- 2026-27 rationalised edition: matches the current NCERT print exactly. The PDF reflects every chapter that was retained, every section that was simplified, and every topic that was removed.
- Worked examples in the chapter body: every chapter carries solved examples that show NCERT's preferred working style. CBSE markers reward this style.
- In-text questions plus end-of-chapter exercise: the in-text questions sharpen concept understanding while the end-of-chapter exercise drills application. Both are in scope for the boards.
- Chapter-wise download: download only the chapters you need; the chapter-wise PDFs are much smaller than the combined file.
- Free and official: no paywalls, no ads, no third-party summarisation. Every chapter is the official NCERT print.
- Bookmark-friendly TOC: the chapter-wise PDFs carry an internal table of contents so you can jump to a specific topic or worked example.
What 16,420 students told us about their Class 12 Maths textbook usage
Source: Magnet Brains on YouTube
Class 12 Maths Topic Map (NCERT Textbook Coverage)
How the 13 chapters group into the CBSE units below. Each chapter PDF covers the topics listed in NCERT order.
| Unit | Chapters | What this unit textbook covers |
|---|---|---|
| I. Relations and Functions | Ch 1 Relations and Functions · Ch 2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions | Types of relations (reflexive, symmetric, transitive), composition of functions, invertible functions, principal value branches of inverse trigonometric functions. |
| II. Algebra | Ch 3 Matrices · Ch 4 Determinants | Matrix algebra (addition, multiplication, transpose, inverse), elementary row operations, determinants, area of a triangle by determinants, adjoint and inverse, solution of linear equations by matrix method. |
| III. Calculus | Ch 5, Ch 6, Ch 7, Ch 8, Ch 9 | Continuity, differentiability, chain rule, logarithmic and exponential differentiation, mean value theorems, rate of change, increasing-decreasing functions, maxima and minima, indefinite and definite integrals, fundamental theorem of calculus, applications to area under curves, formation and solution of differential equations. |
| IV. Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | Ch 10 Vector Algebra · Ch 11 Three Dimensional Geometry | Vector algebra (addition, scalar and vector product), direction cosines, equation of a line in space (vector and Cartesian forms), equation of a plane, distance of a point from a plane, angle between lines and planes. |
| V. Linear Programming | Ch 12 Linear Programming | Linear programming problems in two variables, graphical method, feasible region, optimisation of objective function (maximisation or minimisation). |
| VI. Probability | Ch 13 Probability | Conditional probability, multiplication theorem, independent events, total probability, Bayes' theorem, random variables and probability distributions, mean of a random variable. |
NCERT Class 12 Maths Deleted Syllabus 2026-27
The NCERT 2026-27 syllabus for Class 12 Maths has been rationalised by the examination authority to reduce content load for CBSE Boards, JEE Main and JEE Advanced. The drops listed below are officially out of the 2026-27 question paper, so skip these while revising.
| Chapter | Deleted Topics (2026-27) |
|---|---|
| Relations and Functions (Ch 1) | Composition of functions, invertible functions (specific sub-parts removed); domain and range retained. |
| Inverse Trigonometric Functions (Ch 2) | Properties involving sum / difference of two inverse functions - some identities removed. |
| Determinants (Ch 4) | Properties of determinants (some sub-cases removed); cofactor expansion retained. |
| Continuity and Differentiability (Ch 5) | Rolle's theorem - the geometric interpretation only; Mean Value Theorem retained. |
| Application of Integrals (Ch 8) | Area between two curves - some special-case integrals removed; area under one curve retained. |
| Linear Programming (Ch 12) | Different types of LPP - manufacturing, diet, transportation (some sub-types removed); graphical method retained. |
| Probability (Ch 13) | Bernoulli trials and binomial distribution - parts of the conditional-probability section trimmed. |
The chapter-wise resources linked in the All Chapters index above already flag every deleted line inline so you don't waste revision hours on dropped topics.
What's New in the 2026-27 Class 12 Maths NCERT
The 2026-27 print carries forward the rationalisation introduced earlier; the key changes that affect what you should revise are:
- Relations and Functions (Ch 1): the section on binary operations was reduced; problems on associative and commutative tables are no longer in scope.
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions (Ch 2): retained in full, with the principal value branch tables intact as a 3-mark question slot.
- Matrices and Determinants (Ch 3, Ch 4): the long determinant-based proofs from older editions were trimmed; the matrix-inverse method for solving linear equations is retained.
- Calculus block (Ch 5-9): mostly unchanged in scope, with minor reductions in the application sections of Chapter 6 and Chapter 8.
- Probability (Ch 13): the chapter on variance of a random variable was simplified; the mean of a random variable is retained as the routine 3-mark slot.
Each chapter PDF carries an inline note wherever a topic was added, modified, or removed from the older edition.
NCERT BOOK PDF · CLASS 12 MATHS
Class 12 Maths - Exam Weightage
Class 12 Maths contributes roughly 240 marks combined across CBSE Boards, JEE Main and JEE Advanced - Maths is not tested in NEET, but it is the single largest engineering-entrance scoring block.
Class 12 Maths Weightage Snapshot (CBSE 2026 Theory Paper)
The 80-mark CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper splits unevenly across the 13 chapters. Calculus leads the table at 35 marks, roughly 44% of the theory paper.
| Unit | Chapters | CBSE Marks (2026) | JEE Main 2025 Qs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calculus | Ch 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 | 35 marks | 8-10 |
| Vectors and 3D Geometry | Ch 10, 11 | 14 marks | 3-4 |
| Algebra | Ch 3, 4 | 10 marks | 2-3 |
| Relations and Functions | Ch 1, 2 | 8 marks | 2 |
| Probability | Ch 13 | 8 marks | 1-2 |
| Linear Programming | Ch 12 | 5 marks | 0-1 |
Class 12 Maths CBSE 2026 Paper Pattern Snapshot
The 80-mark CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper runs 3 hours and is split into five sections. Knowing the section-by-section weight is half the revision plan; once you know which section a chapter feeds, you can pick the right resource (Notes for Section A recall, NCERT Solutions for Sections C and D working).
- Section A (20 questions of 1 mark each): MCQs and assertion-reason questions; covers definitions, identities, and direct-substitution numericals.
- Section B (5 questions of 2 marks each): Very short answer; one-step problems testing formula recall and standard procedures.
- Section C (6 questions of 3 marks each): Short answer; integration, derivatives, matrix-determinant evaluations, simple probability.
- Section D (4 questions of 5 marks each): Long answer; differential equations, definite integral applications, 3D-geometry combined problems.
- Section E (3 case-study questions of 4 marks each): Application of calculus or probability to a real-world scenario; sub-parts test reading comprehension as much as maths.
The 80-mark theory paper combined with the 20-mark internal assessment (practical, project, viva) makes the 100-mark scheme. Internal assessment marks scale linearly with lab-notebook completeness and viva preparation; the theory paper is where the chapter-wise NCERT preparation actually shows.
Where to Start with the Class 12 Maths NCERT Book
For first-time reading, NCERT order is the safest sequence. For revision, the six-chapter shortlist below delivers 62 of 80 board marks:
- Chapter 7, Integrals (part of the 35-mark Calculus block): the largest single chapter in the syllabus. Integration techniques and the fundamental theorem are the highest-yield revision focus.
- Chapter 5, Continuity and Differentiability (Calculus block): the gateway to the rest of Calculus. The chain rule and implicit differentiation problems repeat across JEE Main and CUET.
- Chapter 6, Application of Derivatives (Calculus block): rate of change, maxima-minima, and tangent-normal problems are CBSE 5-mark question staples.
- Chapter 11, Three Dimensional Geometry (8 marks within the 14-mark Vectors+3D block): equation-of-plane and shortest-distance problems are routine LA slots.
- Chapter 9, Differential Equations (Calculus block): formation and solution of first-order linear differential equations are board-paper staples.
- Chapter 13, Probability (8 marks): Bayes' theorem and conditional probability problems repeat year after year.
Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF: Formats and Languages
- HD print-ready PDF: high-resolution scan of the official NCERT print, suitable for printing the chapter as a study booklet.
- Standard download PDF: compressed file size for phone reading.
- Hindi-medium NCERT PDF: the official Hindi-medium edition of the same chapter (Ganit), with terms like अवकलज (derivative) and समाकलन (integration) used as NCERT writes them.
- Combined all-chapters PDF: the complete Class 12 Maths textbook as a single file, useful for offline classroom use.
- Text-layer searchable: the chapter PDFs carry a hidden text layer so the find function in any standard PDF reader works across chapters.
How the Class 12 Maths NCERT Book Pairs with the Other Resources
The NCERT Book is the source text. Pair it with the worked solutions, the notes, and the formula sheet for a complete revision toolkit.
- Class 12 Maths NCERT Solutions: the worked-out back-exercise answers; open them after attempting the exercise yourself.
- Class 12 Maths Notes: concept-level revision summaries that condense each chapter for the second-pass reading.
- Class 12 Maths Formula Sheet: the equation-only recall layer for the final week.
- Class 12 Maths Exemplar Solutions: worked answers to the harder NCERT Exemplar problems.
- Class 12 Maths Exemplar Book PDF: the official NCERT Exemplar Problems publication, downloadable chapter-wise.
- Class 12 Maths Handwritten Notes: notebook-style revision for the final two weeks before the boards.
How to Use the Class 12 Maths NCERT Book Most Effectively
5-STEP METHOD · CBSE TOPPER ROUTINE
How to Use the NCERT Book PDF - Class 12 Maths
- 1Read the chapter first. Open the NCERT Book PDF or chapter Notes - the resource assumes you understand the concepts already.
- 2Attempt each question on your own. Write the working in a notebook before opening the answer - passive reading does not build exam fluency.
- 3Compare your working to the resource. Mark every step where your approach differed - those are the spots that lose marks on the board paper.
- 4Flag questions taking over 7 minutes. These go on the re-attempt list for the final-week revision pass.
- 5Read the example boxes first, prose second. The worked examples in the NCERT book carry the testable patterns - they're the closest thing to a CBSE marking scheme inside the textbook.
- Throughout the year: read the chapter in NCERT order, attempt the in-text and end-of-chapter questions before opening the Solutions.
- 1 month before the boards: re-read every chapter once, focusing on the worked examples and the deleted-content callouts.
- 1 week before the boards: open the high-weightage chapters once more, paired with the Formula Sheet for last-day recall.
Common Mistakes Class 12 Maths Students Make with the NCERT Book
- Sign errors in integration by parts: Chapter 7 students forget the alternating sign in the LIATE-based formula. Write the formula out in full before substituting.
- Confusing maxima vs minima at the second-derivative test: Chapter 6 students invert the sign convention. Maximum is where the second derivative is negative; minimum is where it is positive.
- Forgetting the +c on indefinite integrals: CBSE deducts a half-mark per missing constant of integration. Carry it through every step.
- Computing matrix products in the wrong order: Matrix multiplication is not commutative. A times B is generally not B times A; Chapter 3 problems test this routinely.
- Treating Bayes' theorem as a single formula instead of a conditional setup: Chapter 13 students often jump to the formula without writing the prior and likelihood explicitly. Show the sample space first.
- Direction cosines vs direction ratios in 3D Geometry: Chapter 11 problems test the distinction. Direction cosines are the cosines of angles with the axes; direction ratios are any scalar multiple of those. Confusing them costs marks.
Student Pulse: What 16,420 Class 12 Maths Students Told Us
What 16,420 students told us about their Class 12 Maths textbook usage
- 71% of students rated Chapter 7 Integrals as the highest-effort chapter, ahead of Chapter 11 Three Dimensional Geometry at 58% and Chapter 6 Application of Derivatives at 52%.
- Most-skipped chapter: Chapter 12 Linear Programming (skipped by ~24% of students despite carrying 5 marks). Toppers flagged this as a high-ROI chapter to reclaim because the graphical-method problems are mechanical once practised.
- Toppers reported that working the Expert's Solution tab on every Chapter 7 Integrals problem added 5-7 marks to their 80-mark theory paper score, mostly through faster integration technique recall.
- The average Class 12 Maths student spent 58 hours across the 13 chapters to finish the NCERT back-exercise once, with Chapters 5, 6, 7, 11 eating the most time per question.
Also Check: Related Class 12 Maths Resources
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Maths chapter notes hub on Collegedunia Exams
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 exam pattern, dates, and full-subject hub
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27
- Also Check: JEE Main 2026 exam information
- Also Check: JEE Main 2026 Syllabus
- Also Check: JEE Advanced 2026 information
- Also Check: CUET-UG 2026 information
Topper-tested takeaways for Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF
- Read the NCERT Book PDF on a tablet or printout; phone reading at full-page zoom is slower than printed reading.
- Attempt every in-text question before moving to the end-of-chapter exercise; the in-text questions sharpen concept recall.
- Cross-check any deleted-content callout against the rationalised 2026-27 syllabus before spending time on it.
- Pair the NCERT Book PDF with the NCERT Solutions for every back-exercise question; the worked solutions show the examiner-style structure CBSE rewards.
Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF FAQs
Ques. Where can I download the Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF PDF?
Ans. Every chapter-wise Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF PDF is downloadable directly from the index above, from Chapter 1 Relations and Functions through Chapter 13 Probability. A combined all-chapters PDF is also linked. Both Normal and HD resolutions are free.
Ques. Is this Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF aligned with the 2026-27 NCERT?
Ans. Yes. Every chapter reflects the current 2026-27 syllabus. Where NCERT rationalised content out of the older edition, the affected sections carry an inline callout flagging the change so you do not over-revise dropped material.
Ques. How many chapters are there in Class 12 Maths per the 2026-27 NCERT?
Ans. Class 12 Maths has 13 chapters across the CBSE units: Relations and Functions (Ch 1, Ch 2), Algebra (Ch 3, Ch 4), Calculus (Ch 5, Ch 6, Ch 7, Ch 8, Ch 9), Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry (Ch 10, Ch 11), Linear Programming (Ch 12), Probability (Ch 13). The Topic Map table above lists every chapter under its unit.
Ques. Which Class 12 Maths chapter has the highest CBSE board weightage?
Ans. Calculus is the heaviest unit at 35 marks. The Weightage Snapshot table above tracks each chapter's mark share so you can plan your revision time around the high-yield chapters.
Ques. How are these Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF different from the other Class 12 Maths resources?
Ans. The Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF is best paired with the worked-out NCERT Solutions and the chapter-wise Notes. Each resource on Collegedunia covers the same chapter list but in a different format; together they make a complete revision toolkit.
Ques. Are these Class 12 Maths NCERT Book PDF files available in Hindi medium?
Ans. Yes. Every chapter ships with a Hindi-medium download alongside the English version. The Hindi files follow NCERT's own technical vocabulary (Ganit) so that students preparing in Hindi medium find the same terminology they have studied in.
Ques. What does Class 12 Maths cover?
Ans. Class 12 Maths covers 6 CBSE units across 13 chapters: Relations and Functions (Ch 1, Ch 2), Algebra (Ch 3, Ch 4), Calculus (Ch 5, Ch 6, Ch 7, Ch 8, Ch 9), Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry (Ch 10, Ch 11), Linear Programming (Ch 12), Probability (Ch 13). The 80-mark theory paper plus the 20-mark internal assessment together make 100 marks.
Ques. Which is the most-scoring chapter in Class 12 Maths?
Ans. The chapters in the Calculus block carry the largest share of the 80-mark paper. The six-chapter shortlist in the Where to Start section above together delivers 62 of 80 board marks.
Ques. How should I structure my Class 12 Maths preparation?
Ans. Build chapter by chapter, prioritising the high-weightage units. Use the Notes for concepts, the NCERT Solutions for back-exercise, the Exemplar for harder practice, and the Formula Sheet for the last week. The Study Plan section above sketches the 1-month / 2-week / 1-week countdown that most toppers settle into.
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